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BACKGROUND: Remdesivir is a monophosphoramidate prodrug of an adenosine analog, and it has a broad-spectrum antiviral activity against paramyxoviruses, flaviviruses, and coronaviruses. Remdesivir is associated with decreased hospital stay and improved outcomes in coronavirus- disease 2019 (COVID-19). METHODOLOGY: Of 846 suspected COVID-19 patients admitted to the hospital, 612 SARS-CoV-2 nasopharyngeal RT-PCR positive patients were evaluated for enrollment in this prospective cohort study. 159 RT-PCR positive patients were given remdesivir. Their clinical, biochemical parameters, hospital stay, and outcomes related to morbidity and mortality were followed. RESULTS: Out of the 159 patients, 141 recovered after remdesivir use. The Chi-square test for independence examined the relation between the day of the first dose, dose of remdesivir, and clinical outcome. The standardized case fatality ratio (CFR) in the 453 hospitalized patients who did not receive remdesivir was 32.89% (N = 149) as compared to 11.32% (N = 18) in the patients who received remdesivir. These findings are in keeping with the therapeutic value of remdesivir in symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection of varying severity. CONCLUSION: The use of remdesivir is associated with a decrease in the severity of the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Its use is also associated with a decreased length of hospital stay and lower mortality than the patients who did not receive remdesivir.
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Objective: To analyze the most frequent radiographic abnormalities in COVID-19 patients. Methods: In this multicenter retrospective study, chest X-ray films and reports of COVID-19 patients admitted between March 2020 and June 2020 in three tertiary care hospitals of Lahore were analyzed for abnormalities. Patients of age > 18 years with positive COVID -19 RT-PCR, who underwent X-ray chest at presentation were enrolled. The study included pregnant patients as well. Results: Total 150 patients fulfilling inclusion criteria were enrolled. There was male predominance with mean age 50.20 13.61 years. Chest X-ray findings were abnormal in 127 (98%) patients. Predominant pattern of lung involvement was bilateral lesions in 121(95%), left lower zone 89(70%), right lower zone 85(67%), right mid zone 57(45%), left mid zone 50(39%), and diffuse involvement in 36 (28%). GGOs was the most common lung lesion found in 53 (42%), followed by GGOs and consolidation combined. Peripheral distribution was noted in 36(28%), peripheral and peri hilar combined 58(45%), random 27(21%) and perihilar in 6(5%). Peri bronchial cuffing was seen in 23(18 %), reticulation 20(16%), nodular lesions 8(6%) pneumomediastinum (1.5%) and minimal pleural effusion 1(0.7%). Among 20 pregnant females, 15 (75%) had normal X- rays. All of abnormal CXR 5 (25%), had bilateral, mid and lower zone GGOs and consolidation. Distribution was random 3(60%), peripheral and perihilar combined 2(40%), patchy 1(20%) and confluent in 4(80%). Conclusion: The most predominant radiological features of COVID-19 in our population were bilateral, lower zone, patchy, pure GGOs or combined GGOs and consolidation with peripheral and perihilar distribution. Conclusion: The most predominant radiological features of COVID-19 in our population were bilateral, lower zone, patchy, pure GGOs or combined GGOs and consolidation with peripheral and perihilar distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Annals of King Edward Medical University is the property of King Edward Medical University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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Objective In this study, we aimed to compare the severity and outcomes in hypertensive patients presenting with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) who were taking angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs)/angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) and those who were on other antihypertensive drugs. Methods This retrospective cohort study involved 182 hypertensive patients who presented with COVID-19 infection. The study population comprised 91 patients who were taking ACEIs/ARBs (group A) and 91 patients who were taking other antihypertensive drugs such as ß-blockers (BBs), calcium channel blockers (CCBs), or thiazides (group B). All patients were provided the same type of treatment for the management of COVID-19. We recorded the data related to demographic and anthropometric variables as well as clinical symptoms during the treatment period. Disease severity and hospital mortality were the primary study endpoints. Results There was no significant difference in COVID-19-related outcomes between the groups except for the severity of lung infiltration on chest X-rays. There were 37 (41.1%) patients having >50% lung infiltration in group A and 53 (58.2%) in group B (p-value: 0.02). Severe disease was diagnosed in 37 (40.7%) patients in group A compared to 39 (42.7%) patients in group B (p-value: 0.76). In-hospital mortality was noted in 17 (18.7%) patients in group A and 22 (24.2%) patients in group B (p-value: 0.36). Conclusion Based on our results, we did not find any significant association between the use of ACEIs/ARBs and either the severity of COVID-19 infection necessitating admission to ICU or in-hospital mortality.
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Background and Objectives: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory disease caused by a novel Coronavirus. The World Health Organization (WHO) officially declared it a health emergency on January 30, 2020. WHO also called for collaborative efforts from all countries to prevent its further spread. The success of the world's battle against COVID-19 depends upon people's adherence to the control measures which is affected by their Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP) towards the disease as suggested by KAP theory. In this study, the KAP of population from Punjab towards COVID-19 during the rapid rise period of the COVID-19 outbreak is investigated. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study based on Google forms-based survey regarding the Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of participants towards COVID-19. A total of n = 500 participants completing their questionnaires were included. Online data was extracted and cross-checked for any discrepancy. Statistical analysis was done by using SPSS ver.22. Results: Participants with = 22 years of age significantly practicing more social distancing (P0.05). Knowledge of hand hygiene and proper discarding of mask were significantly more associated with the practices of social distancing. Knowledge of cough and sneezing etiquettes was significantly related to practice social distancing (P0.01). Attitude of hand hygiene protocols was significantly related to practicing hand washing, minimizing touching environment (P0.01) and disinfecting house and workplace (P0.05). Conclusion: The present study showed a good knowledge, positive attitudes and suitable practices in population of Punjab. The health awareness programs designed after pandemic declaration by WHO, played a vital role in improving all these things. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Biomedica is the property of Knowledge Bylanes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)